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An Abney level and clinometer, is an instrument used in surveying which consists of a fixed sighting tube, a movable spirit level that is connected to a pointing arm, and a protractor scale.
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A Total Station is a modern surveying instrument that integrates an electronic theodolite with an electronic distance meter. A theodolite uses a movable telescope to measure angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes.
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Hydrographic survey is the science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, marine construction, dredging, offshore oil exploration/offshore oil drilling and related activities.
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Most states require a degree along with an internship, to become a professional land surveyor. Most degrees are a four year college degree in surveying or geomatics or a 2 year associate degree. After college you then have to become licensed in whichever state you want to practice surveying in.
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A theodolite works by combining optical plummets (or plumb bobs), a spirit (bubble level), and graduated circles to find vertical and horizontal angles in surveying. An optical plummet ensures the theodolite is placed as close to exactly vertical above the survey point.
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A vernier compass has an adjustable scale that allows for the "setting off" of the magnetic declination and the compass can then directly read true north. The Transit and Theodolite. Transit. Theodolite. The transit and theodolite are used by the surveyor to measure both horizontal and vertical angles.
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An optical square is a square refracting block which refracts an incident beam at an angle of 90 degrees.It can be used with an autocollimator for measuring squareness of a workpiece.
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A total station or TST (total station theodolite) is an electronic/optical instrument used in modern surveying and building construction. The total station is an electronic theodolite (transit) integrated with an electronic distance meter (EDM) to read slope distances from the instrument to a particular point.
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In addition to measuring horizontal and vertical angles, digital theodolite are used to establish straight lines, to establish horizontal and vertical distances through the use of stadia, and to establish elevations when used as a level.
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Bathymetry is the study of the "beds" or "floors" of water bodies, including the ocean, rivers, streams, and lakes. The term "bathymetry" originally referred to the ocean's depth relative to sea level, although it has come to mean “submarine topography,” or the depths and shapes of underwater terrain.
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Intermediate Survey—The inspection of a vessel by a classification society surveyor which takes place between two and three years before and after each Special Survey for such vessel pursuant to the rules of international conventions and classification societies.
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The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is a professional body that accredits professionals within the land, property and construction sectors worldwide. Members holding RICS qualifications may use the following designations after their name: MRICS (Member), FRICS (Fellow), AssocRICS (Associate).
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The APC – assessment of professional competence – is the training scheme that graduates need to complete on the job to qualify as a chartered surveyor. Becoming chartered with the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is a key milestone in a surveyor's professional development.
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The graphometer, semicircle or semicircumferentor is a surveying instrument used for angle measurements. It consists of a semicircular limb divided into 180 degrees and sometimes subdivided into minutes. The limb is subtended by the diameter with two sights at its ends.
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Chain surveying is the type of surveying in which only linear measurements are made in the field. The main principle of chain surveying or chain triangulation is to provide a framework consist of number of well-conditioned triangles or nearly equilateral triangles. It is used to find the area of the field.
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Chain survey is the simplest method of surveying. In this survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. are done in the office. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details.
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The main surveying instruments in use around the world are the theodolite, measuring tape, total station, 3D scanners, GPS/GNSS, level and rod. Most instruments screw onto a tripod when in use. Tape measures are often used for measurement of smaller distances.
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Chartered surveyors in the core of the profession may offer mortgage valuations, homebuyer's survey and valuations, full building surveys, building surveyors' services, quantity surveying, land surveying, auctioneering, estate management and other forms of survey- and building-related advice.
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Hydrographic survey is the science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, marine construction, dredging, offshore oil exploration/offshore oil drilling and related activities.
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Tacheometry, from the Greek "quick measure", is a system of rapid surveying, by which the positions, both horizontal and vertical, of points on the earth's surface relatively to one another are determined without using a chain or tape or a separate leveling instrument.
